Spin to Win
the physics of dreidel spinning
RECORD-BREAKING TOPS
  • The world's tallest spinning dreidel, built by college students in Montreal, stands more than 22 feet tall.
  • In 1998, at least 200 people in Skokie, Illinois, attempted to set the first world record for the greatest number of dreidels spun at once. Since then, students at the University of Maryland and Indiana University have been breaking each other's dreidel-spinning world records Hanukkah after Hanukkah.
GOING FOR A SPIN
The moment of truth has arrived: It's your turn to spin the dreidel for the big jackpot. You twist it and the dreidel whirls across the table. At first, it spins tightly, turning so fast that you can't see the Hebrew letters on the sides. As the dreidel slows, it wobbles and tilts to one side until it falls.

When you first twist the dreidel, it stores up energy. The dreidel will continue spinning until two outside forces, gravity and friction, cause it to wobble. Gravity is the force that draws the dreidel to the earth's center (or your tabletop, if it gets in the way). Friction is the force that causes things that touch each other to resist moving. In our case, the tabletop and air rub against the dreidel, causing friction. The more friction there is, the sooner the dreidel will fall.

However, when the dreidel spins quickly around its axis, the imaginary line on which it rotates, it tends to resist the influence of gravity because a third force, called centrifugal force, pulls inward on the top. Centrifugal force keeps the dreidel standing upright on the tabletop with the dreidel's axis perpendicular to the table. As the spinning slows, friction and gravity try to make it fall until, eventually, these forces win out and the dreidel falls to a stop--hopefully on a gimmel.

AXIS OF TORAH
According to the laws of physics, a dreidel spinning quickly around its axis will tend to resist outside influences, such as gravity. The axis of the Jewish people is Torah and God's commandments. The closer we are to living a life of Torah, the more we are able to resist the negative forces around us. For example, we can resist the pressure to maintain a certain body shape, and we can demonstrate Jewish pride even while walking through the mall at Christmastime. The Maccabees resisted negative forces when they stood up to the Greek occupiers who made it a crime to be Jewish. These rebels fought for the right to practice Judaism. As a result, God "stood up for them in their time of distress," as the Al Hanissim prayer in the Amidah relates. The Maccabees resisted the outside influences of the society around them, and their victory ensured the survival of the Jewish people.
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